neutral and ground in the ground? [RE-wrenches]

[William Miller]

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Colleagues:

I see this all the time, people do not understand fault paths.  The code 
citation is below.  Section (2) is what applies if you wish to save the 
cost of one conductor.  Remember, the GROUNDED conductor is the "neutral", 
the GROUNDING conductor is the "ground wire":


250.32 Two or More Buildings or Structures Supplied from a Common Service.

(A) Grounding Electrode. Where two or more buildings or structures are 
supplied from a common ac service by a feeder(s) or branch circuit(s), the 
grounding electrode(s) required in Part III of this article at each 
building or structure shall be connected in the manner specified in 
250.32(B) or (C). Where there are no existing grounding electrodes, the 
grounding electrode(s) required in Part III of this article shall be installed.
Exception:  A grounding electrode at separate buildings or structures shall 
not be required where only one branch circuit supplies the building or 
structure and the branch circuit includes an equipment grounding conductor 
for grounding the conductive non–current-carrying parts of all equipment.

(B) Grounded Systems. For a grounded system at the separate building or 
structure, the connection to the grounding electrode and grounding or 
bonding of equipment, structures, or frames required to be grounded or 
bonded shall comply with either 250.32(B)(1) or (2).

(1) Equipment Grounding Conductor. An equipment grounding conductor as 
described in 250.118 shall be run with the supply conductors and connected 
to the building or structure disconnecting means and to the grounding 
electrode(s). The equipment grounding conductor shall be used for grounding 
or bonding of equipment, structures, or frames required to be grounded or 
bonded. The equipment grounding conductor shall be sized in accordance with 
250.122. Any installed grounded conductor shall not be connected to the 
equipment grounding conductor or to the grounding electrode(s).

(2) Grounded Conductor. Where (1) an equipment grounding conductor is not 
run with the supply to the building or structure, (2) there are no 
continuous metallic paths bonded to the grounding system in both buildings 
or structures involved, and (3) ground-fault protection of equipment has 
not been installed on the common ac service, the grounded circuit conductor 
run with the supply to the building or structure shall be connected to the 
building or structure disconnecting means and to the grounding electrode(s) 
and shall be used for grounding or bonding of equipment, structures, or 
frames required to be grounded or bonded. The size of the grounded 
conductor shall not be smaller than the larger of

(1) That required by 220.22

(2) That required by 250.122



William Miller




At 07:46 AM 6/17/2004, you wrote:

>Geoff,
>If you check your NEC book I believe you'll find that all conduits carrying
>live circuits are required to include a ground wire and, since this is a
>split-phase system, it won't work so great without the neutral.
>
>Again, refer to your NEC for allowable wire sizing and any other questions
>you might have.
>Good luck.
>
>Matt T

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