South or West for TOU (quantified) [RE-wrenches]
Antony Tersol
tony at appliedsolarenergy.com
Tue Jun 15 08:09:06 PDT 2004
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Short answer: South at 35 deg tilt is better than West at it's best tilt of 15
for San Francisco weather. Even at 15 deg tilt, South is better. But
south-southwest is best.
Long answer: For San Francisco, using real weather data, running a simulation
that calculates performance over a 365 day year, every hour, for each azimuth,
tilt combination (for each azimuth below, the simulation was done for 19
different tilts (every 5 degrees) x 365 days x 24 hours).
btw, this is weather dependent. For example, for Fresno, straight south is
optimum for total production, as opposed to SF, which favors SSW.
Site Latitude (lat) 36.6 degrees
The following chart shows percentage of optimum at each azim/tilt combo.
For example, for west, a tilt of 15 degrees, produces 87.1% of optimum.
For south, a tilt of 35 degrees, produces 99.3% of optimum.
The optimum is at azimuth of 15 or 20 degrees west of south, at 35 deg tilt.
Sorry if the formatting is hard to read. Anyone wishing a nicer format email
me, and I'll send you a .pdf file.
I ran simulation with TOU value for each of the optimums, based on an array of
18 sharp 165, sb2500 inverter.
azim \ tilt 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
ARRAY PERFORMANCE (%)
West
-90deg 85.6 86.5 87.0 87.1 86.9 86.2 85.2 83.9 82.3 80.5 78.5 76.3 74.1
71.7 69.3 66.7 63.8 61.0 58.2
Optimum tilt
Total annual energy / TOU value at 15 tilt (18 sharp 165, sb2500)
4040kwh $773.08
Southwest
-20deg 85.6 89.3 92.5 95.1 97.1 98.6 99.6 100.0 99.7 98.9 97.5 95.4 93.0
90.0 86.6 82.7 78.4 73.6 68.7
-15deg 85.6 89.3 92.5 95.2 97.2 98.7 99.6 100.0 99.8 99.0 97.6 95.6 93.1
90.0 86.5 82.5 78.0 73.2 68.1
Total annual energy / TOU value at 35 tilt (18 sharp 165,
sb2500) 4618 kwh $856.49
South
0deg 85.6 89.2 92.3 94.9 96.8 98.3 99.1 99.3 98.9 97.9 96.3 94.2 91.6 88.5
84.9 80.8 76.3 71.4 66.1
Total annual energy / TOU value at 35 tilt (18 sharp 165, sb2500)
4588 kwh $837.23
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