When a specialty article of the NEC (like 690) disagrees with a general article (like 230 or 240), the specialty article wins. However, I don't see any disagreement in this case. I also am confused about John Wiles line of reasoning. Please keep posting your exchanges with him. This is getting interesting as well as educational. Mike Bernhard Master Electrician, Seventh Generation Energy Systems Full Spectrum Solar, Madison, WI [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]