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    <p>Chris, Jason, all;</p>
    <p>I really like the idea of double clamping in serious situations. 
      I wish we had had this conversation about 2 months ago, before we
      installed 2 more systems in Puerto Rico.  I definitely would have
      suggested the team try that.  Save it for next time, and hopefully
      we get a bit better with new found idea on each install.</p>
    <p>Thanks again for great ideas Wrenches,</p>
    <p>Ray<br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 3/31/2023 2:15 PM, Jason Szumlanski
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAE438R_C5Q=MUsnade6-S0w-zT4iaT2nFHz7mjNeqZjA4WxS-g@mail.gmail.com">
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          <div class="gmail_default"
            style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Hi Ray,</div>
          <div class="gmail_default"
            style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
          </div>
          <div class="gmail_default"
            style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">I'm happy to
            have some confirmation from another major storm's impact. My
            father has a home in Dominica, which was hit by Maria with
            165 mph winds before it moved on to PR. He had a mixed bag
            of results with solar panels (forget about the pole mounts I
            installed there over 20 years ago!)</div>
          <div class="gmail_default"
            style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
          </div>
          <div class="gmail_default"
            style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">I was just
            reminded by your email about something I plan to try. For
            panels that are pitched on flat roofs, I am going to double
            up and install BOTH IronRidge CAMO and UFOs. With proper
            planning, it would be pretty easy to install with UFOs first
            and then go back and snap in all of the CAMOs without much
            labor cost and an acceptable material cost for the added
            peace of mind.</div>
          <div class="gmail_default"
            style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
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          <div>
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              <div dir="ltr"><br>
                Jason Szumlanski
                <div><span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Principal
                    Solar Designer | Florida Solar Design Group</span><br
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
                  <span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">NABCEP
                    Certified Solar Professional (PVIP)</span><br
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
                  <span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Florida
                    State Certified Solar Contractor CVC56956</span></div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <br>
        </div>
        <br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">
          <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Mar 30, 2023 at
            9:45 PM Ray Walters via RE-wrenches <<a
              href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org"
              target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
              class="moz-txt-link-freetext">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>>
            wrote:<br>
          </div>
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            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
            <div>
              <p>Hi Jason;</p>
              <p>I was like you: thinking good ol' bottom mounting with
                SS hardware was the best.  All of us old wrenches were
                wrong.<br>
              </p>
              <p>The top down mounting system is much stronger.  I've
                only had a handful of failures over 25 years, and all
                were bottom mounted.  The module completely ripped off
                the rack, leaving the stainless hardware, washers, etc
                with a thin sliver of module frame between.  For
                repairs, I come back and install 1/2" SS angle on the
                inside of the module frame to spread the load more. 
                AND....on new installs, no more bottom mounting. If you
                compare today's modules with old 12v models from 20
                years ago, you'll see: much thinner metal on the bottom
                frames now. <br>
              </p>
              <p>Meanwhile I saw several systems survive Hurricane Maria
                in Puerto Rico: all top down mounting.  You are correct
                that the failures come from the modules themselves
                letting go, not the racking.  Either the wind itself is
                so strong as to blow the glass, then the frame looses
                its structure, or flying debris breaks the glass. There
                were some MW PV fields that got tore up pretty bad.  So
                no, ground mounts definitely can be destroyed. They had
                tornadoes moving inside of the hurricane, and you could
                see it in the damage, 50' wide strips of total carnage
                with undamaged modules a few feet away. Like you said,
                The storm has a mind of its own.<br>
              </p>
              <p>As far as mid clamp T bolt failures, I can confirm that
                probably a majority are not installed correctly,
                especially Unirac, which are terrible to get the T lined
                up right.  I've done numerous inspections world wide,
                and a signifcant % of racking I looked at was NOT
                installed correctly.  <br>
                1) The Ts not squarely lined up with the rail, <br>
                2) massive over torqueing, to the point the bolt can't
                be reversed <br>
                3)  under torqueing, to the point the modules had
                slipped down a little.</p>
              <p>Most of these problems come from installing with an
                impact driver.  Impact drivers are a great tool (so is a
                hammer), but you got to know when and where to Not use
                them, too.  They're great for installing the lags and L
                feet, but then get that tool off the roof.</p>
              <p>Use an electric screw driver, socket wrench, or <b>drill
                  with a clutch</b> set low to snug up the clamps, and
                then final torque with a torque wrench. Period.    <br>
              </p>
              <p>Ray Walters<br>
                Remote Solar<br>
                Former NABCEP 2004-2016<br>
              </p>
              <p><br>
              </p>
              <div>On 3/30/2023 4:34 PM, Jason Szumlanski via
                RE-wrenches wrote:<br>
              </div>
              <blockquote type="cite">
                <div dir="ltr">
                  <div dir="ltr">
                    <div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">That
                      would be great if it were possible! I'm not sure
                      how you bottom mount a flush mount array. For a
                      brief period many years ago, I was building solar
                      trailers. I would bottom mount 4-6 panel arrays on
                      rails in my warehouse and then hoist them up and
                      through-bolt the whole array on the top of a
                      trailer. I wasn't about to allow a trailer going
                      80 mph on the interstate to have panels mounted on
                      the roof with mid-clamps! I had no idea what I was
                      doing, but I had enough sense to know that would
                      have been a bad idea!</div>
                    <div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">I
                      did provide feedback to IronRidge regarding a
                      handful of failures from Hurricane Ian, but most
                      of the issues we saw were most likely related to
                      catastrophic module failure. After all, they are
                      only tested to 5600 Pa uplift for even the best
                      options we have on the market and 2400 Pa for some
                      (which I refuse to use). The mid-clamp T-bolts
                      tearing out of the rail are slightly concerning,
                      but this was pretty rare, and honestly it could be
                      related to installation torque issues,
                      misalignment, or coupled with module failure.
                      There was no widespread or definitive reason for
                      rail failures at the clamp locations.</div>
                    <div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">I
                      would suggest that FEMA's recommendation is
                      overkill and not based on much science, but
                      conclusions based on anecdotal information without
                      statistical data. It should be scrutinized. I
                      think it would be a good idea to consider bottom
                      mount for ground racks and tilt mounts that allow
                      it, but it's just not practical or possible in the
                      vast majority of residential installation cases.
                      On that note, I am not aware of any ground mount
                      failures around here from Hurricane Ian except for
                      submerged arrays that were washed away from storm
                      surge (Yikes!). And the handful of failures that
                      we observed were a drop in the bucket relative to
                      the installed numbers here.</div>
                    <div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">One
                      other thing. Wind direction, upwind
                      obstructions/windbreaks, and luck have a huge
                      amount to do with failures (of both PV and roofs
                      themselves). These storms pick winners and losers.
                      You will have ten houses in a row with pool
                      enclosures mangled, and one in the middle that is
                      unscathed. It's crazy to see. We have lots of
                      gated communities with houses close together. When
                      wind accelerates between houses, it can topple air
                      conditioning units and pool equipment. If you look
                      hard enough at where the wind was coming from and
                      the surrounding area, you can really see how there
                      are so many factors that come into play.</div>
                    <div>
                      <div dir="ltr">
                        <div dir="ltr"><br>
                          Jason Szumlanski
                          <div><span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Principal
                              Solar Designer | Florida Solar Design
                              Group</span><br
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
                            <span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">NABCEP
                              Certified Solar Professional (PVIP)</span><br
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
                            <span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Florida
                              State Certified Solar Contractor CVC56956</span></div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <br>
                  </div>
                  <br>
                  <div class="gmail_quote">
                    <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Mar 30,
                      2023 at 7:35 AM Christopher Warfel via RE-wrenches
                      <<a
                        href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org"
                        target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
                        class="moz-txt-link-freetext">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>>
                      wrote:<br>
                    </div>
                    <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px
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                      rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                      <div>
                        <p><font size="4">If you look at FEMA's design
                            guide for solar installations in FL and the
                            Caribbean, the recommended module to rail
                            attachment method is back to using the
                            attachment holes in the solar module.  Chris</font><br>
                        </p>
                        <div>On 3/30/2023 5:56 AM, Jason Szumlanski via
                          RE-wrenches wrote:<br>
                        </div>
                        <blockquote type="cite">
                          <div dir="ltr">
                            <div dir="ltr">
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">This
                                thread has morphed into more than it
                                started as, and for good reason. I want
                                to provide some practical/anecdotal
                                information, having just gone through
                                arguably the most catastrophic wind
                                event in Florida's history (Ian) since
                                the boom in solar energy started, and
                                another major wind event (Irrma) just 5
                                years ago.</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">First,
                                Aside from the Sunmodo and Quickbolt
                                decking-only products, I would check out
                                IronRidge's new entrant into the market,
                                the IronRidge HUG. If you can't find
                                info on it, ask your distributor or
                                IronRidge sales rep. They have data on
                                truss attachments and also missed truss
                                installation procedures. It's a unique
                                approach to a dual-purpose product, and
                                they did a stellar job on the
                                engineering documentation in my opinion.</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Ok,
                                now let's get to my most important
                                point. Due to Hurricane Ian, the number
                                of roofing PV attachments that I have
                                witnessed that failed due to fastener
                                pull-out (mine or competitors):</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">ZERO</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">The
                                only building where we had any mounts
                                fail was on a flat roof with pitched
                                panels and Anchor Products mounts on TPO
                                membrane, but the mounts themselves did
                                not cause the failure. The roofing
                                system itself failed, causing a small
                                section of the PV system to fail. But
                                even in that case, the following
                                applies...</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">The
                                weak point in a well-designed and
                                installed system is not the fastener or
                                flashing system. The module to rail
                                connection is where we saw failures.
                                These failures fell into a few
                                categories:</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">
                                <ul>
                                  <li>Windborne debris struck panel,
                                    panel frame failed, panel popped out
                                    of mid-clamps.</li>
                                  <li>Catastrophic wind forces popped
                                    panels out of mid-clamps (a good
                                    percentage of panels found INTACT
                                    and still functional on the ground!)
                                    I suspect the panels became covex in
                                    the wind, bending frames inward.</li>
                                  <li>Windborne debris struck mounting
                                    system components, panel dislodged,
                                    often still on the roof suspended by
                                    DC leads.</li>
                                  <li>Mid-clamp t-bolt tore out of
                                    aluminum rail channel (IronRidge
                                    UFO, Unirac SM).</li>
                                  <li>Mid-clamp sheared off (Quick Mount
                                    QRail).</li>
                                  <li>Unexplained module detachment
                                    failures.</li>
                                </ul>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">On
                                9/28/22, while I stayed up all night
                                bracing myself against my front door
                                that I thought was about to fail, I was
                                imagining how many roof leaks my clients
                                were about to endure, and wondered about
                                the efficacy of my business going
                                forward. Those fears never materialized.
                                Aside from a handful of minor panel
                                dislodgements, there was no panic
                                following the storm (with respect to
                                solar panels). The bigger problem became
                                all of the people needing to remove
                                panels for roof replacements, but PV
                                panels largely protected roofs in the
                                areas where they were installed. Sadly,
                                the rest of the roof often did not fare
                                as well.</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Anyway,
                                back to the decking attachments. I have
                                been skeptical of non-flashed products
                                for comp shingle roofs for a long time.
                                My thinking is coming around,
                                particularly with the HUG (I trust
                                IronRidge's testing regime). And
                                sealants have come so far. This method
                                will remain up for debate probably for a
                                long time. Around here, I am pretty
                                certain these products will outlast the
                                shingles they are placed upon. We only
                                get 15 years out of most shingle roofs
                                around here.</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">About
                                the pull-out fears... Mine are gone. We
                                have done many flat roofs with long
                                fasteners through steel decking or wood
                                decking. These screws are usually
                                something like #15 XHD screws in lengths
                                from 5 - 12". Not a single failure. We
                                have also used Quick Mount QBase
                                Low-Slope bases on pitched tile roofs
                                that were only screwed into decking with
                                4 fasteners each (due to horizontal
                                truss transitions) in some cases. Zero
                                failures. But the most relevant
                                attachments I can think of that are
                                germane to this discussion are the many
                                thousands of S-5 SolarFoot that we have
                                screwed into decking on 5V metal roofs
                                around here. These have four screws per
                                attachment, and S-5 load tests show
                                something like 240 lbs of pull-out
                                strength in OSB (adjusted for safety
                                factor). When engineered for our wind
                                loads, we usually get anywhere from
                                36-48 inch attachment spacing, sometimes
                                24 inches in certain roof zones. Again,
                                not a single failure.</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">I
                                have more solar installations on Sanibel
                                Island and Fort Myers Beach (Hurricane
                                Ian Ground zero) than anyone. Many of
                                those have decking-only attachments, S-5
                                clamps, flat roofs, or other attachments
                                other than trusses. I can tell you
                                unequivocally that I trust decking-only
                                attachments from a pull-out strength
                                standpoint. When properly engineered,
                                with cautious attachment spacing, these
                                mounts work in both OSB and plywood.
                                Because of the inconsistencies in OSB,
                                we always err on the side of caution, if
                                not in the engineering, then in the
                                installation, by installing more
                                attachments than prescribed. But the
                                evidence is clear. It works.</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Caveat
                                to the above: I have zero experience
                                with snow or seismic, and no experience
                                on roofs exceeding 8:12 pitch, and few
                                above 6:12. </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">And
                                one more shout-out to S-5 clamps on
                                standing seam roofs. Aside from one
                                minor failure of the roof metal itself,
                                not an S-5 failure, we had zero failures
                                of S-5 clamps attachments to report.</div>
                              <div
                                style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <div dir="ltr">
                                  <div dir="ltr">
                                    <div
                                      style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">I
                                      hope this anecdotal information
                                      helps and sets some fears aside.
                                      Please reach out to me off-list if
                                      you want any specifics or details
                                      about our experience with
                                      catastrophic wind events.</div>
                                    <br>
                                  </div>
                                  <div dir="ltr">
                                    <div
                                      style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Sincerely,</div>
                                  </div>
                                  <div dir="ltr"><br>
                                    Jason Szumlanski
                                    <div><span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Principal
                                        Solar Designer | Florida Solar
                                        Design Group</span><br
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
                                      <span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">NABCEP
                                        Certified Solar Professional
                                        (PVIP)</span><br
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
                                      <span
style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Roboto,RobotoDraft,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Florida
                                        State Certified Solar Contractor
                                        CVC56956</span></div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                              <br>
                            </div>
                            <br>
                            <img alt="" style="display:flex"
src="https://mailtrack.io/trace/mail/3fe2b3d4fd55f6aa5564b2f98c8384dac44a3b1e.png?u=1613865"
                              moz-do-not-send="true" width="0"
                              height="0">
                            <div class="gmail_quote">
                              <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu,
                                Mar 30, 2023 at 2:47 AM William Miller
                                via RE-wrenches <<a
                                  href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org"
                                  target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  class="moz-txt-link-freetext">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>>
                                wrote:<br>
                              </div>
                              <blockquote class="gmail_quote"
                                style="margin:0px 0px 0px
                                0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
                                rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                                <div>
                                  <div lang="EN-US">
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">Friends:</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">Thanks
                                          for bringing up this
                                          scenario.  </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">I
                                          have two problems with using a
                                          product such as the easy-feet
                                          or other deck-fastened
                                          brackets, particularly on a
                                          rigid foam-above-sheeting
                                          roof:</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span
style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"><span>1.<span>  
                                            </span></span></span><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">I
                                          worry about compression of the
                                          foam material over time.  This
                                          could leave a void under the
                                          bracket which could lead to
                                          leaks or wobbly brackets.</span></p>
                                      <p style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span
style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"><span>2.<span>  
                                            </span></span></span><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">I
                                          don’t believe in chemical
                                          solutions for sloped-roof
                                          rain-proofing.  By that I mean
                                          the use of caulks, gaskets,
                                          etc.  Since roofs were first
                                          thatched, the overriding
                                          wisdom is that gravity is the
                                          only way to reliably shed
                                          water.  Overlapping, seamless
                                          material is the only method to
                                          use.  Caulks degrade, roof
                                          surfaces become powdery, and
                                          the rafter is often under an
                                          architectural feature or seam
                                          in the shingles.</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">I
                                          researched the PLP EZ foot
                                          back when the company was
                                          DPW.  The fasteners provided
                                          were not rated for the
                                          application, according to the
                                          fastener manufacturer.  If you
                                          can match the fasteners to the
                                          decking and the forces, then
                                          maybe you have a start to a
                                          mounting solution.</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">Whatever
                                          product you use, I would
                                          install it on a section of
                                          flashing metal, lapped under
                                          the next course up.  The
                                          flashing gives a flat,
                                          seamless surface to caulk or
                                          gasket to.  The thicker and
                                          wider the flashing, the more
                                          you distribute the downward
                                          force </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">applied
                                          to the bracket by weight and
                                          fasteners.  Any voids under
                                          the bracket will have an
                                          overlapped flashing above it.</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">I
                                          hope these musings help you
                                          find a solution.</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">William
                                          Miller</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">PS: 
                                          I have encountered this roof
                                          configuration a few times on
                                          flat, <a
                                            href="https://homeinspectioninsider.com/built-up-roofing/"
                                            target="_blank"
                                            moz-do-not-send="true">built-up
                                            roofing (BUR</a>).  We have
                                          dealt with it by cutting
                                          through the foam, installing
                                          blocking on top of the
                                          sheeting and having a roofer
                                          feather the blocks into the
                                          roofing with <a
href="https://www.blueridgefiberboard.com/cant-strip-tapered-edge-smoothes-roof-drainage-slope/"
                                            target="_blank"
                                            moz-do-not-send="true">cant
                                            strips</a>.  A pitched roof
                                          is a different situation,
                                          however.</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">Wm</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Arial,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">Miller
                                          Solar</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Arial,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">17395
                                          Oak Road, Atascadero, CA 93422</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Arial,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">805-438-5600</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Arial,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"><a
href="http://www.millersolar.com/" target="_blank"
                                            moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                                              style="color:blue">www.millersolar.com</span></a></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Arial,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)">CA
                                          Lic. 773985</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="font-family:Verdana,"sans-serif";color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                                            style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Tahoma,"sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Tahoma,"sans-serif"">
                                          RE-wrenches [mailto:<a
                                            href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org"
                                            target="_blank"
                                            moz-do-not-send="true"
                                            class="moz-txt-link-freetext">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>]
                                          <b>On Behalf Of </b>August
                                          Goers via RE-wrenches<br>
                                          <b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, March
                                          29, 2023 11:47 AM<br>
                                          <b>To:</b> RE-wrenches<br>
                                          <b>Cc:</b> August Goers<br>
                                          <b>Subject:</b> Re:
                                          [RE-wrenches] Attaching Array
                                          To or Through Ply</span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal">We've found
                                          that in the Bay Area that
                                          deck-mount solutions typically
                                          pencil out structurally (via a
                                          structural professional
                                          engineer) as long as the deck
                                          is 1/2" plywood or thicker,
                                          assuming we have all the info
                                          on how the roof is
                                          constructed. The big
                                          assumption is that we can get
                                          all that roof construction
                                          info, which can be difficult
                                          for existing structures.</p>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal">We
                                            haven't taken the plunge yet
                                            on the flahingless deck
                                            mount products like the
                                            Sunmodo Nanomount or Unirac
                                            Flashloc Duo. I do think
                                            that they offer several
                                            significant advantages
                                            including not needing to
                                            find rafters, thus virtually
                                            eliminating missed pilot
                                            holes, and not disturbing
                                            the comp shingle by
                                            eliminating prying up the
                                            courses to insert the
                                            flashing. </p>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal">August</p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal">Luminalt</p>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                      <div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal">On Wed,
                                            Mar 29, 2023 at 11:34 AM
                                            Solar Energy Solutions via
                                            RE-wrenches <<a
                                              href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org"
                                              target="_blank"
                                              moz-do-not-send="true"
                                              class="moz-txt-link-freetext">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>>
                                            wrote:</p>
                                        </div>
                                        <blockquote
style="border-top:none;border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:1pt
                                          solid
                                          rgb(204,204,204);padding:0in
                                          0in 0in
                                          6pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in">
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal">We like
                                              Spider Rax… with the
                                              flashing!</p>
                                            <div>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                            </div>
                                            <div>
                                              <div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <table
                                                    style="width:225pt;background:rgb(233,233,235);border-collapse:collapse"
                                                    width="525"
                                                    cellspacing="0"
                                                    cellpadding="0"
                                                    border="0">
                                                    <tbody>
                                                      <tr>
                                                        <td
                                                          style="padding:0in">
                                                          <table
                                                          style="width:128.55pt;background:rgb(233,233,235)"
                                                          width="300"
                                                          cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0">
                                                          <tbody>
                                                          <tr>
                                                          <td
                                                          style="padding:6pt
                                                          0in">
                                                          <div
style="margin-left:12pt;margin-right:12pt;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Helvetica,"sans-serif""><a
                                                          href="https://spiderrax.com/"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                                                          style="color:black;text-decoration:none">Spider-Rax
                                                          PV Solar
                                                          Mounting</span></a></span></b></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Helvetica,"sans-serif""><a
href="https://spiderrax.com/" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:rgb(162,162,169);text-decoration:none">spiderrax.com</span></a></span></b></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </td>
                                                          <td
                                                          style="width:15.45pt;padding:0in
                                                          9pt 0in 0in"
                                                          width="36">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:Helvetica,"sans-serif""><a
                                                          href="https://spiderrax.com/"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
                                                          style="text-decoration:none"><b>Error!
                                                          Filename not
                                                          specified.</b></span></a></span></p>
                                                          </td>
                                                          </tr>
                                                          </tbody>
                                                          </table>
                                                        </td>
                                                      </tr>
                                                    </tbody>
                                                  </table>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                style="margin-bottom:12pt"> </p>
                                              <div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <div
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_13_0_rc_1_1_1382394418853_23166">
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"><b>Andrew
                                                          Koyaanisqatsi</b></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_13_0_rc_1_1_1382394418853_23122">
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal">President</p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_13_0_rc_1_1_1382394418853_23169">
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"><b>Solar
                                                          Energy
                                                          Solutions,
                                                          Inc.<br>
                                                          <i
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1471541494300_7793">The
                                                          BRIGHT CHOICE</i></b></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_13_0_rc_1_1_1382394418853_23169">
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_13_0_rc_1_1_1382394418853_23174">
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"><b>Since
                                                          1987, helping
                                                          you and your </b></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_13_0_rc_1_1_1382394418853_23174">
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"><b>Portland
neighbors move towards an environmentally sustainable future.</b></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_13_0_rc_1_1_1382394418853_23174">
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_13_0_rc_1_1_1382394418853_23177">
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"><b><a
href="tel:503-238-4502" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">503-238-4502</a><br>
                                                          <a
                                                          href="http://www.solarenergyoregon.com/"
id="m_-7918957773201700933m_3652185581101052749m_-7827179430652818356m_6716844740238566097m_3963197914649838960yiv6213109167yui_3_16_0_1_1418769668206_5441"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">www.SolarEnergyOregon.com</a></b></p>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
                                                  <br>
                                                </p>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                  style="margin-bottom:12pt">On
                                                  Mar 29, 2023, at 11:04
                                                  AM, Jerry Shafer via
                                                  RE-wrenches <<a
                                                    href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>>
                                                  wrote:</p>
                                              </div>
                                              <blockquote
                                                style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt">
                                                <div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:Tahoma,"sans-serif""></span></p>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal">Wrenches</p>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal">Sounds
                                                        like a SIP's
                                                        type product,
                                                        there are quite
                                                        a few multi hole
                                                        attachment bases
                                                        that are
                                                        designed for
                                                        SIP's. Most will
                                                        have a larger
                                                        base, lots of
                                                        holes for screws
                                                        to attach that
                                                        do not require
                                                        rafters
                                                        underneath to
                                                        attach.</p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal">Fun
                                                        times</p>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal">On
                                                        Wed, Mar 29,
                                                        2023, 8:30 AM
                                                        frenergy via
                                                        RE-wrenches <<a
href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org" target="_blank"
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>>
                                                        wrote:</p>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <blockquote
style="border-top:none;border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:1pt
                                                      solid
                                                      rgb(204,204,204);padding:0in
                                                      0in 0in
                                                      6pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in">
                                                      <div>
                                                        <p>Matt,</p>
                                                        <p>            I
                                                          guess my
                                                          questions are
                                                          1/2" plywood
                                                          or 5/8" and
                                                          how thick is
                                                          the foam?  Oh
                                                          and I assume
                                                          its nominal
                                                          2X6 T&G? 
                                                          Do you know
                                                          how the
                                                          plywood is
                                                          attached?.....through
                                                          the foam into
                                                          the
                                                          T&G?... to
                                                          stringers,
                                                          nailers or
                                                          whatever
                                                          they're
                                                          called?</p>
                                                        <p>Bill</p>
                                                        <pre>Feather River Solar Electric            </pre>
                                                        <pre>Bill Battagin, Owner</pre>
                                                        <pre>4291 Nelson St.(shipping) </pre>
                                                        <pre>5575 Genesee Rd. (USPS, UPS)</pre>
                                                        <pre>Taylorsville, CA 95983</pre>
                                                        <pre>530.284.1925 Office/ 530.258.1641 Cell</pre>
                                                        <pre>CA Lic 874049</pre>
                                                        <pre>Solar powered since 1982</pre>
                                                        <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">On
                                                          3/29/2023 7:53
                                                          AM, Dave
                                                          Tedeyan via
                                                          RE-wrenches
                                                          wrote:</p>
                                                        </div>
                                                        <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Hi
                                                          Matt,  </p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">I've
                                                          used these in
                                                          the past when
                                                          on a comp roof
                                                          and there was
                                                          no good way to
                                                          get into the
                                                          rafters (or
                                                          TJI's in this
                                                          case)</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><a
href="https://sunmodo.com/nanomount/" target="_blank"
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://sunmodo.com/nanomount/</a></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">You
                                                          might want to
                                                          replace the
                                                          screws with
                                                          something
                                                          shorter and
                                                          beefier though
                                                          to get more
                                                          grip if you
                                                          are only going
                                                          into 1/2"
                                                          plywood.</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Cheers,</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Dave</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">On
                                                          Wed, Mar 29,
                                                          2023 at
                                                          10:38 AM Matt
                                                          Sherald via
                                                          RE-wrenches
                                                          <<a
                                                          href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>>
                                                          wrote:</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <blockquote
style="border-top:none;border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:1pt
                                                          solid
                                                          rgb(204,204,204);padding:0in
                                                          0in 0in
                                                          6pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Hi
                                                          All,</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">I've
                                                          run into a
                                                          roof-mounted
                                                          job where the
                                                          roof is
                                                          built-up with
                                                          the following:</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Comp
                                                          shingle</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Plywood</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Foam
                                                          board</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">T&G
                                                          (roof deck,
                                                          but also
                                                          interior
                                                          ceiling)</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">The
                                                          beams that
                                                          hold the
                                                          t&g up are
                                                          wide-spaced
                                                          and not
                                                          convenient for
                                                          fastening the
                                                          full extent of
                                                          the array.  </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">This
                                                          being the
                                                          case, I was
                                                          considering
                                                          other
                                                          fastening
                                                          options and am
                                                          writing to
                                                          pick the
                                                          collective
                                                          brain of the
                                                          Wrenches to
                                                          see how others
                                                          have addressed
                                                          similar
                                                          situations.</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">One
                                                          thought I had
                                                          was to use the
                                                          PLP Easy
                                                          Mounting Foot
                                                          and I'd be
                                                          glad for any
                                                          opinions on
                                                          that or
                                                          another
                                                          solution.  </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">-Matt</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><br>
                                                          -- </p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Matt
                                                          Sherald</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">PIMBY
                                                          Energy, LLC</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">304-704-5943</p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12pt"><br>
                                                          </p>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                        </blockquote>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </blockquote>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                    style="margin-bottom:12pt"><br>
                                                  </p>
                                                </div>
                                              </blockquote>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-bottom:12pt">_______________________________________________<br>
                                            List sponsored by Redwood
                                            Alliance<br>
                                          </p>
                                        </blockquote>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                  <br>
                                </div>
                              </blockquote>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                          <br>
                          <fieldset></fieldset>
                          <pre>_______________________________________________

</pre>
                        </blockquote>
                        <div>-- <br>
                          <div>
                            <div>
                              <div>
                                <div>
                                  <div> <font face="PMingLiU-ExtB">        
                                                                     
                                      Christopher Warfel</font><br>
                                    <font face="PMingLiU-ExtB">       
                                                   ENTECH Engineering,
                                      Inc.</font><br>
                                    <font face="PMingLiU-ExtB">PO Box
                                      871, Block Island, RI 02807</font><br>
                                    <font face="PMingLiU-ExtB">       
                                                                     
                                                          401-466-8978</font><br>
                                    <font face="PMingLiU-ExtB"><a
                                        href="http://entech-engineering.com"
                                        target="_blank"
                                        moz-do-not-send="true"><img
                                          src="cid:part1.s2GZUZnv.d6RdaPM0@solarray.com"
                                          alt="" class="" width="274"
                                          height="121" border="0"></a><br>
                                    </font><br>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </blockquote>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <br>
                <fieldset></fieldset>
                <pre>_______________________________________________
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