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--></style></head><body bgcolor="white" lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple"><div class="WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Bill:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">I apologize that I assumed incorrectly. Thank you for your assessment. May I quote you to our AHJ?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Sincerely,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">William</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><img width="64" height="28" id="_x0000_i1031" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D0E71F.1E3F4610" alt="Gradient Cap_mini"><br>Lic 773985<br><a href="http://www.millersolar.com/"><span style="color:blue">millersolar.com</span></a><br>805-438-5600</span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><div><div style="border:none;border-top:solid #b5c4df 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext"> RE-wrenches [mailto:<a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b><a href="mailto:billbrooks7@sbcglobal.net">billbrooks7@sbcglobal.net</a><br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, September 04, 2015 12:59 PM<br><b>To:</b> 'RE-wrenches'<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [RE-wrenches] Guarding against live parts 690.7 (D)</span></p></div></div><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">William,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">I’m shocked and offended (a tiny bit) that you would prejudice yourself to not agree with me ;-).</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">First of all I have been heavily involved in the revising of the language in 690.31(A) to make it clear that we cannot walk up and touch cables operating at 600V. The term guarded is a defined term:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times-Bold;color:windowtext">Guarded. </span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times-Roman;color:windowtext">Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed, or otherwise</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times-Roman;color:windowtext">protected by means of suitable covers, casings, barriers,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times-Roman;color:windowtext">rails, screens, mats, or platforms to remove the likelihood</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times-Roman;color:windowtext">of approach or contact by persons or objects to a point</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times-Roman;color:windowtext">of danger.</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">A fence actually does not prevent ready access (unless it does not have a gate), but the term guarded fixes that problem. The guarding means has to be approved by the AHJ, but many methods have been employed including mounting lattice work around the backside of fixed ground-mounted systems.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Fences are best used for larger systems (over 50-100kW) whereas other methods—albeit labor intensive—are generally preferred for smaller installations (under 100 kW)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">No intelligent person would disagree with this proper interpretation of the NEC—including you.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Bill.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><div><div style="border:none;border-top:solid #e1e1e1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:windowtext"> RE-wrenches [<a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>William Miller<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, September 04, 2015 12:09 PM<br><b>To:</b> RE-wrenches <<a href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [RE-wrenches] Guarding against live parts 690.7 (D)</span></p></div></div><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Ray:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">1.</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt"> </span><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Why no fence? Aesthetics. Also costs may be a wash by the time you mobilize a fencing contractor.</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">2.</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt"> </span><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">I’d apply the same requirements to a fence as one would to an uncovered swimming pool. There are the same consequences if a child ends up in the wrong place.</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">3.</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt"> </span><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Why bother?</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:1.0in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">We figure the expense will decrease as we figure better design and implementation. Hasn’t yet. </span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:1.0in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">We care about safety. I figure we, as an industry, will kill a child by electrocution someday—it is a matter of probability. I hope it won’t be on one of our jobs.</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:1.0in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">We hope, in some small way, we influence the industry to improve.</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">4.</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt"> </span><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">The industry has not developed solutions because there is no demand. There is no demand because AHJs don’t enforce the code.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Thanks for the compliment. We have several new designs not yet featured on the web site. Check back next time this comes up.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">William</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">PS: I am curious what Bill Brooks take on this is, but I don’t think I will agree with his interpretation.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">W</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="64" height="28" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image004.jpg@01D0E71D.960DD0A0" alt="Gradient Cap_mini"><br>Lic 773985<br><a href="http://www.millersolar.com/">millersolar.com</a><br>805-438-5600</span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><div><div style="border:none;border-top:solid #b5c4df 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext"> RE-wrenches [mailto:<a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Ray Walters<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, September 04, 2015 11:37 AM<br><b>To:</b> RE-wrenches<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [RE-wrenches] Guarding against live parts 690.7 (D)</span></p></div></div><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">WilIiam;<br><br> checked out your guards on your website, that looks really clean, but also like a lot of work and expense. I'm still so surprised manufacturers are not offering an option like that to their frame systems.<br>My question: how come you didn't just fence the array? Shading issues on the south?<br>If fencing, what height of fence is considered adequate? 4 ft? 6 ft?</p><pre>R.Ray Walters</pre><pre>CTO, Solarray, Inc</pre><pre>Nabcep Certified PV Installer, </pre><pre>Licensed Master Electrician</pre><pre>Solar Design Engineer</pre><pre>303 505-8760</pre><div><p class="MsoNormal">On 9/4/2015 9:44 AM, William Miller wrote:</p></div><blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Gary:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">I think the issue of PV wiring behind module that are readily accessible is addressed in (2014) 690.31: </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Where PV source and output circuits operating at maximum</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">system voltages greater than 30 volts are installed in</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">readily accessible locations, circuit conductors shall be</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">guarded or installed in a raceway.</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">I am not sure what application the original poster had in mind, but this is the question I think you are asking. The interpretation to 690.31 seems clear to me: No one should be able to touch the conductors without resorting to a ladder, opening a locked gate or removing a protective panel. Readily accessible is defined thusly:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Capable of being </span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">reached quickly for operation, renewal, or inspections</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">without requiring those to whom ready access is requisite</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">to actions such as to use tools, to climb over or remove</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">obstacles, or to resort to portable ladders, and so forth.</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Implementing this is harder than it might seem. Lacking a fence, the installer must either use the flimsy solar-scrim product or fabricate his or her own shielding. We have put a fair amount of effort towards this. See <a href="http://www.millersolar.com/MillerSolar/practices/PV_wiring/Wire_shielding/_Wire%20Shielding_history.html">link</a>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">William</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="64" height="28" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image004.jpg@01D0E71D.960DD0A0" alt="Gradient Cap_mini"><br>Lic 773985<br><a href="http://www.millersolar.com/">millersolar.com</a><br>805-438-5600</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> RE-wrenches [mailto:<a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>gary easton<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, September 04, 2015 2:22 AM<br><b>To:</b> RE-wrenches<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [RE-wrenches] Guarding against live parts 690.7 (D)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><p class="MsoNormal">Bill </p><div><p class="MsoNormal">Are you saying there is no requirement to shield wires on a ground array?<br><br>On Friday, September 4, 2015, <<a href="mailto:billbrooks7@sbcglobal.net">billbrooks7@sbcglobal.net</a>> wrote:</p><div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Craig,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">This one is easy to misinterpret. You missed the words “live parts”. This has been removed from the 2017 NEC because it is actually referring to load circuits being fed directly by a PV system on the dc side. All references to loads and batteries are being removed from 690.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">This is a complete non-issue.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Bill.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p><div><div style="border:none;border-top:solid #e1e1e1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in"><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> RE-wrenches [mailto:<a href="javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org');" target="_blank">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Craig Gerald Buttke<br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, September 03, 2015 11:44 AM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org');" target="_blank">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> [RE-wrenches] Guarding against live parts 690.7 (D)</span></p></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Century Schoolbook , serif","serif""><br><br>How is everyone handling 690.7 (D)</span></p><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times","serif"">Circuits over 150 Volts to Ground. </span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times","serif"">In one- and two- family dwellings, live parts in photovoltaic source circuits and photovoltaic output circuits over 150 volts to ground shall not be accessible to other than qualified persons while energized. </span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Century Schoolbook , serif","serif""><br><br>If you have a commercial (non one or two-family dwelling) are you screening your ground mount arrays to keep people from touching live conductors PV wires)?</span><br><br>Thanks for your thoughts</p><pre>-- </pre><pre>Yours in Solardarity,</pre><pre> </pre><pre>Craig Gerald Buttke</pre><pre> </pre><pre>M:(715) 630-1227</pre><pre>O:(715) 630-6451</pre><pre>F:(715) 952-4501</pre><pre> </pre><pre>North Wind Renewable Energy, LLC</pre><pre>1626C W Pearl Street</pre><pre>Stevens Point, WI 54481</pre><pre> </pre><pre><a href="http://www.northwindre.com" target="_blank">www.northwindre.com</a></pre><pre> </pre><pre>NABCEP Certified PV Installation Professional™</pre><pre>NABCEP Certified PV Technical Sales Professional™</pre><pre>State of WI: Master Electrician</pre></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"> </p><div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><hr size="2" width="99%" noshade style="color:#909090" align="center"></div><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td style="padding:0in 11.25pt 0in 6.0pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration:none"><img border="0" id="_x0000_i1028" 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