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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">I'd 2nd Hilton's comments. Energy
efficiency can reduce heating loads to almost nothing. The German
standard "passive solar" design uses almost R100 insulation,
triple pane Lo E windows, doors with multiple seals, and are so
tight they require an air to air heat exchanger to insure fresh
air. The occupants own body heat accounts for a large percentage
of the heating, and small amounts of passive solar gain do the
rest. <br>
I've worked with a builder in Taos that is building to this
standard, and it works.<br>
<br>
2nd, If that's too extreme for the customer, they can utilize an
active solar thermal system that works in conjunction with floor
heating. With efficient pumps and closed loop design, pumps only
run in the day when the sun is shinning anyway.<br>
3rd, the old fashioned off grid method: air tight wood stove. No
electric load, and we have a lot of beetle kill firewood that is
being turned into CO2 by decomposition already. Might as well use
it to heat your home.<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">R.Ray Walters
CTO, Solarray, Inc
Nabcep Certified PV Installer,
Licensed Master Electrician
Solar Design Engineer
303 505-8760</pre>
On 2/4/2014 12:28 PM, Hilton Dier III wrote:<br>
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<font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">I've done a couple of
load profile studies for heat pumps and solar and unless the
load is primarily air conditioning it's a bad match. Ground
sourced heat pumps in general only pencil out if there is a big
air conditioning load.</font><br>
<br>
The only time I'd recommend a heat pump with an off grid system is
if there was a wind turbine that massively over-produced in the
winter. The PV production curve is exactly backwards.<br>
<br>
The clients should take half the money they would have spent on
installing a heat pump and do a thermal efficiency/passive solar
retrofit. Better ROI.<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
<br>
Hilton<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
Hilton Dier III
Renewable Energy Design
Partner, Solar Gain LLC
453 East Hill Rd.
Middlesex, VT 05602
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