Re-Wrenches<br><br>I have done numerous Mountaintop telecommunication PV systems, and they use outdoor rated cabling in cable trays extensively on their towers into their control rooms.  If it can survive the UV, snow wind and ice rime buildup there I am sure it can handle many of the roof top locations easily.  I am guessing that they may have used conduit in the early days, but found it more cost effective and less maintenance in the long run to run cable tray.   The only real difference might be the exposure to heat on a roof, which should be better in open cable tray than stuffed in a conduit!  There is a real advantage to being able to visually inspect and replace damaged wires easily before a potential fault occurs or for that matter to track down and isolate a fault.   Europeans think that we are crazy putting conductors in metal conduit and prefer to use outdoor rated conductors where they are separated by air to reduce potential for faults across current carrying wire and being able to visually inspect for damage to the conductors.  Conduit bending is a true art that many electricians pride themselves in, so I can see they reluctance to change, but there is certainly enough evidence that cable trays and outdoor rated wires are a good idea from around the world and the telecommunications industry.  We should learn from the Europeans and Telecommunication industires, who by the way have less problems with faults and much lower installation costs!<br>
<br>Bill<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 29, 2013 at 3:41 AM, Bill Loesch <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:solar1online@charter.net" target="_blank">solar1online@charter.net</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">

  
    
  
  <div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
    <div><br>
      Hi Chris,<br>
      <br>
      Thanks for a glimpse of how our German brethren handle PV design
      & installation. After all, who has more experience with
      design, execution, and funding than the Germans? There remains an
      arrogance that the US has a lock on how best to do any number of
      things. Hopefully, this antiquated attitude will change, soon;
      hopefully, before we are all reduced to asking the equivalent of,
      "Would you like to Supersize that meal?" <br>
      <br>
      Best wishes on your install. Please keep us informed of how others
      around the world better handle these items.<br>
      <pre cols="72">Bill Loesch
Solar 1 - Saint Louis Solar
</pre><div><div class="h5">
      On 28-Mar-13 1:03 PM, Chris Mason wrote:<br>
    </div></div></div>
    <blockquote type="cite"><div><div class="h5">
      <div>I am working on a large installation in a country that uses
        230/400V 60Hz for the grid, so we had to look to Europe for the
        inverters and work 1000V.</div>
      <div>I spent some time on the phone with SMA Germany to discuss
        the reqiurements in Germany and to understand the design
        methodology the inverters were designed for.</div>
      <div>First of all, the inverters are gorgeous. The first one we
        installed is a 3Ph 17KW with 6 sets string inputs, 2 x MPPT.
        They connect the strings directly to the inverters, no
        disconnects. The inverters have a Electronic Solar Switch on the
        bottom, pull it down and the strings are disconnected.</div>
      <div>We are using 26 module strings or that install, which
        massively reduces cabling and components.</div>
      <div>I showed the engineer a photo of our larger installs, he
        laughed at the use of "pipes" for the cables.</div>
      <div>We install massive AC disconnects, they use a little isolator
        about the size of a Coke can.</div>
      <div>Everything is a multi-core cable.</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>I also read a guide to the British Standards on PV
        installation, and their approach to grounding is absolutely
        different. </div>
      <div>Since PV conductors are all isolated now, they don't even
        want you to ground the array structures, in fact they describe
        grounding as a shock hazard. Very different mentality.</div>
      <div> </div>
      <div>I might think that the US way is likely safer if we were
        comparing with China or the third world, but this is Germany. I
        think they know electricity.</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>Chris</div>
      <br>
      <br>
      <div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Mar 27, 2013 at 12:16 PM, John
        Berdner <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:John.Berdner@solaredge.com" target="_blank">John.Berdner@solaredge.com</a>></span>
        wrote:<br>
        <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
          <div>
            <div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Exposed
                    single conductor sunlight resistant cable in cable
                    trays are widely used in PV systems outside the US.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">There
                    is a very large installed base of systems with good
                    long term performance data using this type of
                    construction.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">We
                    should not discount the advantages of wire cable
                    trays just because we are unfamiliar with it.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Look
                    at data cabling – Characterized by many, relatively
                    small, cables over long distances with periodic
                    drops.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Sounds
                    a lot like PV source circuits (other than voltage
                    and current in the wires of course).</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">There
                    are lots of videos out there showing how to pull
                    10’s of pairs of wires simultaneously in cable
                    trays.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">IMHO,
                    we need to look at ideas like this to reduce
                    installation cost and time.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Installation
                    costs are becoming the tall pole in the tent and new
                    thinking is needed.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">As
                    systems are falling to sub $3.00 /Watt all-in,
                    running wire in conduit will simply not be cost
                    effective.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Running
                    wire in conduit is one of the reasons PV
                    installation costs in the US are double (or more) of
                    those in Europe.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">As
                    one of my former German colleagues noted:</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">“It
                    is only in the US where you need first to be a
                    plumber before you can be an electrician”</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Best
                      Regards,</span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">John
                      Berdner</span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">General
                      Manager, North America</span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">SolarEdge
                      Technologies, Inc.</span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">3347
                      Gateway Boulevard, Fremont CA 94538 USA  </span><b><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#c00000">(*Please
                          note of our new address.)</span></i></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"><br>
                      T: <a href="tel:510.498.3200%2C%20X%20747" value="+15104983200" target="_blank">510.498.3200,
                        X 747</a></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">M:
                      <a href="tel:530.277.4894" value="+15302774894" target="_blank">530.277.4894</a>
                    </span></p>
                </div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <div>
                  <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #b5c4df 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">
                        <a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org" target="_blank">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>
                        [mailto:<a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org" target="_blank">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>]
                        <b>On Behalf Of </b>Allan Sindelar<br>
                        <b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, March 27, 2013 8:51 AM</span></p>
                    <div>
                      <div><br>
                        <b>To:</b> RE-wrenches<br>
                        <b>Subject:</b> Re: [RE-wrenches] Cable tray</div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal">
                       </p>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Andrew,<br>
                        We have used #10 USE-2 for about 16 years, and
                        our high-elevation New Mexico sun is quite
                        intense. I have yet to see any degradation
                        exceeding fading discoloration on any conductors
                        from that far back, even when directly exposed
                        to sunlight. No cracking, peeling, delaminating,
                        or hardening.<br>
                        Allan</p>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>Allan Sindelar</b><br>
                          <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><a href="mailto:Allan@positiveenergysolar.com" target="_blank"><span style="color:#000099">Allan@positiveenergysolar.com</span></a></span><br>
                          <span style="font-size:10.0pt">NABCEP
                            Certified Photovoltaic Installer<br>
                            NABCEP Certified Technical Sales
                            Professional<br>
                            New Mexico EE98J Journeyman Electrician<br>
                            Founder and Chief Technology Officer<br>
                            <b>Positive Energy, Inc.</b><br>
                            3209 Richards Lane (note new address)<br>
                            Santa Fe, New Mexico 87507<br>
                            <b><a href="tel:505%20424-1112" value="+15054241112" target="_blank">505
                                424-1112</a></b><br>
                            <a href="http://www.positiveenergysolar.com/" target="_blank">www.positiveenergysolar.com</a></span>
                        </p>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:722.25pt"> </p>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">On 3/27/2013 8:41 AM, Andrew
                        Truitt wrote:</p>
                    </div>
                    <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal">Bill - What is your take in
                          conductor insulation degradation over time
                          when exposed to UV? Regardless of the
                          "sunlight resistant" labeling, USE-2 (and I
                          assume PV wire though I haven't seen it yet)
                          does show wear after years of exposure to
                          direct sunlight.  Maybe best practice would be
                          to use cable trays where conductors are shaded
                          and [properly installed] conduit when exposed
                          to direct UV?</p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal">- Andrew Truitt</p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
                          <br>
                          Sent from my iPad</p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">
                          <br>
                          On Mar 26, 2013, at 11:55 PM, "Bill Brooks"
                          <<a href="mailto:billbrooks7@yahoo.com" target="_blank">billbrooks7@yahoo.com</a>>
                          wrote:</p>
                      </div>
                      <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">William,</span></p>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">I
                              have all the respect in the world for you,
                              but I’m not referring to “basket tray”,
                              which is only appropriate for small
                              conductors. I’m talking about legitimate
                              cable tray that can be up to 12” wide and
                              that has a top and rungs every 12”. The
                              main facilities that use it in the United
                              States are large industrial facilities.
                              Most electricians don’t get to work with
                              it. It is clearly superior to EMT and is
                              at least as good as IMC without all the
                              hassle of threaded fittings and setting up
                              expansion joints and worrying about 20
                              years of conductors thermal cycling. Even
                              the best electricians have problems with
                              this stuff.</span></p>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">I
                              am talking about projects with 800 foot
                              long feeder runs. We can bring them in the
                              building and build a rack for the conduit
                              or run covered tray outside. As the 2014
                              NEC will require, you will have to use
                              contactor combiners or some other means to
                              shut down the conductors inside a
                              building. It’s all doable. My
                              recommendation after seeing the aftermath
                              of rooftop conduit by good electricians is
                              to put cable tray on roofs and use conduit
                              if you bring the feeders indoors. It will
                              become common practice soon. Hopefully
                              sooner than later.</span></p>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Bill.</span></p>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                          <div>
                            <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #b5c4df 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
                              <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">
                                  <a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org" target="_blank">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>
                                  [<a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org" target="_blank">mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>]
                                  <b>On Behalf Of </b>William Miller<br>
                                  <b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 26, 2013
                                  9:49 PM<br>
                                  <b>To:</b> RE-wrenches<br>
                                  <b>Subject:</b> Re: [RE-wrenches]
                                  Cable tray</span></p>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                          <p class="MsoNormal">Bill:<br>
                            <br>
                            I have to disagree with you on this one.  We
                            can not abandoned a tried and true practice
                            just because some practitioners don't do it
                            right.  I don't know how one can justify
                            saying that encapsulating high voltage
                            conductors in a conduit is less safe than
                            exposed in a flimsy basket.  Consider snow
                            and ice and falling objects.<br>
                            <br>
                            Too many installers entered the PV field
                            without first acquiring the necessary skills
                            as journeymen or women electricians.  I
                            don't see the benefit of rewriting the code
                            to accommodate a lack of skills in the
                            industry.<br>
                            <br>
                            Respectfully,<br>
                            <br>
                            William Miller<br>
                            <br>
                            PS:  The temperature adders always encourage
                            us to enter the building envelope at the
                            first appropriate location to avoid adding
                            them.  Thoughtful installers will do the
                            same.<br>
                            <br>
                            Wm<br>
                            <br>
                            <br>
                            At 10:15 PM 3/25/2013, you wrote:<br>
                            <br>
                            <br>
                          </p>
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                            William,<br>
                             <br>
                            I would strongly disagree that conduit is
                            tried and true on rooftops. I have rarely
                            seen good conduit runs on rooftops. Most
                            electricians have no clue how to work with
                            expansion joints. Conduit on rooftops is a
                            bad idea in general. Most conduit runs in
                            big buildings are all done indoors for good
                            reason. We are the crazy people doing things
                            on the roof. <br>
                             <br>
                            The sooner we get away from
                            conduit­particularly for long feeder
                            runs­the better.<br>
                             <br>
                            In Europe they don’t have problems with
                            their rooftop wiring systems because
                            everything is in tray.<br>
                             <br>
                            For those that don’t allow cable tray for
                            anything less than 1/0, just remember that
                            if it isn’t called cable tray, then 392
                            doesn’t apply. The NEC would allow us to use
                            treated lumber in place of cable tray. This
                            makes no sense.<br>
                             <br>
                            We did some research on the origin of the
                            1/0 requirement, and it is ancient and no
                            longer relevant. Just because it is in the
                            code, does not mean it is correct. That’s
                            why we try to fix it every three years.<br>
                             <br>
                            Bill.<br>
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<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Bill Hoffer PE<br>NABCEP Certified Solar PV Installer™<br>Sunergy Engineering Services PLLC<br>2504 Columbia Ave NW<br>East Wenatchee WA 98802-3941<br><a href="mailto:bhoffer@sunergyengineeringservices.com" target="_blank">bhoffer@sunergyengineeringservices.com</a> Cell:(509)679-6165<br>
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