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      How about off grid arc fault ??<br>
      <br>
      It seems that I don't see much talk or interest in that.<br>
      <br>
      Thanks !<br>
      boB<br>
      <br>
      <br>
      On 10/14/2012 9:44 AM, Bill Brooks wrote:<br>
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      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">August,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Who
            at SMA said that they won’t be shipping AFCI inverters? I
            know they have been manufacturing. I have two of the AFCI
            inverters in operation at my office and they are very
            impressive. Three months of operation since startup without
            a single nuisance trip and it trips every time I simulate a
            fault. I would press SMA on delivery since I believe they
            are available. It may be either an internal hold on the
            product or bad information.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Eaton
            has released their AFCI component but it is not a listed
            component so it has to be incorporated into a listed product
            like a combiner box or inverter. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Although
            the AFCI technology will have some issues in implementation,
            I believe that it is going to solve a lot of safety issues,
            particularly with residential systems. We have been seeing
            more and more series arc fault failures in the field, so the
            timing could not be better. Even if you are in a region that
            does not enforce the 2011 NEC yet, I would recommend
            seriously looking at products in this area.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">One
            word of caution. I believe AFCI products incorporated into
            inverters will be more successful in the short term than
            products that are independent of the inverter. The reason
            for this is simple. When the product developer has the
            defined noise signature of the inverter, they can build a
            product that accounts for the that noise signature
            (transistor switching). Without that key piece of data,
            there will be stand-alone AFCI products that have problems
            with particular inverters and other components (dc-dc
            converters). These interactions are difficult to predict
            without product by product testing. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Over
            the next few years, products like the one from Eaton will
            create lists of inverters that they know work well with
            their products. Until you get some good data on that issue,
            be careful.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Lastly,
            it is way cool to be able to walk up to a combiner box or
            plug connector and open it under load and see the inverter
            trip on the detected arc-fault. These products will become
            common retrofit items as modules, connectors, combiner
            boxes, and inverters have connection defects that start
            fires. Often, the only cost-effective way to fix these
            connection problems is with detection since replacing PV
            arrays and other products may be far more costly than
            installing an AFCI detector.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Bill.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">
                <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>
                [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>] <b>On
                  Behalf Of </b>August Goers<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Sunday, October 14, 2012 9:11 AM<br>
                <b>To:</b> RE-wrenches<br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [RE-wrenches] Two NEC questions<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Hi
            David and Rebecca -</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">We're
            still in the 2008 code cycle here in California so AFCI
            hasn't become an issue yet. I just listened to a webinar by
            SMA last week and I believe that their AFCI Sunny Boys wont'
            be shipping for at least a couple of months.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Rebecca,
            have you already installed this system? What type of
            inverter do you want to use? NEC 90.4 (Enforcement) states
            this:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">"This<span
              class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Code</i><span
              class="apple-converted-space"> </span>may require new
            products, constructions, or materials that may not yet be
            available at the time the<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Code</i><span
              class="apple-converted-space"> </span>is adopted. In such
            event, the authority having jurisdiction may permit the use
            of the products, constructions, or materials that comply
            with the most recent previous edition of this<span
              class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Code</i><span
              class="apple-converted-space"> </span>adopted by the
            jurisdiction."</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">So,
            you might be able to convince the AHJ to enforce the 2008
            NEC which doesn't require AFCI. Or, use microinverters or
            ACPV as David mentioned below.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Good
            luck out there!</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">-August
          </span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">
                <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>
                [mailto:<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>]
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>David Brearley<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Saturday, October 13, 2012 9:02 AM<br>
                <b>To:</b> RE-wrenches<br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [RE-wrenches] Two NEC questions</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">RE Question #2: <o:p></o:p></p>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal">Article 100 defines a service as:<o:p></o:p></p>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b>Service.</b> The conductors and
              equipment for delivering electric energy <i>from</i> the
              serving utility to the wiring system of the premises
              served. (<i>emphasis added</i>)<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">PV system wiring simply does not fit
              that definition. The PV system is not part of the serving
              utility. And inverters are not service equipment. <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">You need to refers them to this
              definition in Article 705.2 (added in NEC 2011):<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b>Power Production Equipment.</b> The
              generating source, and <i>all</i> distribution
              equipment associated with it, that generates electricity
              from a source <i>other than</i> a utility supplied
              service. (<i>emphasis added</i>)<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">FWIW: Mike Holt has written for SP
              about the Code requirements for interconnecting PV
              systems, as well as some additional recommendations for
              making supply side connections:<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://solarprofessional.com/article/?file=SP5_1_pg14_QA&search=">http://solarprofessional.com/article/?file=SP5_1_pg14_QA&search=</a><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">RE Question #1: I had a local inspector
              ask me about this in late-August & there were
              relatively few listed products at that time:<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
              <li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">SMA
                America has dc AFCI in their standard SunnyBoy US-series
                inverters (SB 3000-US, SB 3800-US, SB 4000-US, SB
                5000-US, SB 6000-US, SB7000-US, SB 8000-US): <a
                  moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.sma-america.com/en_US/news-information/current-news/news/news/1487.html">http://www.sma-america.com/en_US/news-information/current-news/news/news/1487.html</a><o:p></o:p></li>
              <li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">Microinverter
                systems (Enphase, Enecsys, etc.) typically do not
                operate above 80 Vdc and are therefore exempt from
                690.11<o:p></o:p></li>
              <li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">AC
                module systems (powered by SolarBridge, Exeltech, etc.)
                typically do not operate above 80 Vdc and are therefore
                exempt from 690.11<o:p></o:p></li>
              <li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">SolarBOS
                reportedly has a dc AFDI and GFI combiner box: <a
                  moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.solarbos.com/news/solarbos-puts-out-the-fire-in-pv-systems">http://www.solarbos.com/news/solarbos-puts-out-the-fire-in-pv-systems</a> (However,
                I don't see this product on their website under their
                regular lists of products.)<o:p></o:p></li>
              <li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">While
                module-level dc-to-dc converters—like those from
                SolarEdge and Tigo Energy—presumably have the ability to
                provide dc AFCI capabilities, last I checked it didn't
                look like any of them were formally listed to do so.<o:p></o:p></li>
            </ul>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">I suspect that most manufacturers are
              trying to avoid spending additional money on testing until
              the market requires this. <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">Have any wrenches here actually had an
              inspector required dc AFCI? Also, is the dc AFCI test
              standard actually finalized and adopted at this point or
              are companies testing to a draft standard? <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-style-span"><span
                  style="font-family:"Cambria","serif"">David
                  Brearley, Senior Technical Editor</span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
                  class="apple-style-span"><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black">SolarPro
                    magazine </span></span><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black"><br>
                  <span class="apple-style-span">NABCEP Certified PV
                    Installer ™</span><br>
                  <span class="apple-style-span"><a
                      moz-do-not-send="true"
                      href="mailto:david.brearley@solarprofessional.com">david.brearley@solarprofessional.com</a></span><br>
                  <span class="apple-style-span">Direct: 541.261.6545</span><br>
                  <br>
                </span><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal">On Oct 13, 2012, at 10:12 AM,
                  Rebecca Lundberg wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Dear
                fellow wrenches,<br>
                <br>
                Does anyone have suggestions for the 'best' way to keep
                up with product availability for meeting 690.11 on DC
                AFCI? I understand that when this code section was
                written there was no available device, and know that at
                least several companies are working on devices. How will
                I know (before the AHJ knows :-) that residential-scale
                products are available for purchase, and at what point
                would you say now should be required over every other
                option?<br>
                <br>
                Second question: I have an inspector insisting that the
                solar PV system is the same as a utility service, and is
                requiring all of the required service code references to
                apply. Anybody have a concise reference that might
                convince him otherwise? This same inspector has decided
                that the electrical permit will have adders for each
                inverter as service equipment, and each module as an
                electrical device. It would sure be nice if there was
                more consistency...we're still in the early adopter
                phase here in Minnesota.<br>
                <br>
                Thanks in advance for your input.<br clear="all">
                <br>
                Keep Shining!<br>
                <span
                  style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Rebecca
                  Lundberg<br>
                  NABCEP Certified Solar PV Installer ®<br>
                  Owner/CEO, Powerfully Green<br>
                  <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    href="mailto:Rebecca.Lundberg@PowerfullyGreen.com">Rebecca.Lundberg@PowerfullyGreen.com</a><br>
                  763-438-1976</span><br>
                <br>
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