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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I know only a little about Power Factor “charges”,
but we can figure out some other “engineering” issues.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>Power Factor is a measure
of the amount of reactive (out-of-phase) power compared to real (in-phase)
power. It is somewhat complicated but the PF is unity for 100% in phase and 0
for 100% out-of-phase power. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>The important thing to
remember is that (while holding the real power constant) for PFs less than
unity there is in addition to the real power, and “in-flow” of
power and an “outflow” of power four times a cycle. One might say, “Why
do I care about reactive power? It flows in and out with no net contribution
over the long run!). True, but the in-flow and out-flow represents higher
currents on the lines and more<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>losses. Or it means that there have to be oversized service conductors to
avoid the extra losses. Even if the losses are avoided, the higher currents can
trip overcurrent protection devices, and of course the utility company needs to
supply (and take back) the extra currents in real time.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>What ever is done to reduce
the reative power, it has to be done in real time (with a fraction of 0.016
seconds, the 60 Hz cycle). You can’t wait until later in the evening to
solve a problem that is occuring during the day.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>Real time compensation
can be often done with capacitors alone or in conjuction with some smart
electronics. Remember that for short periods of time capacitors can store considerable
amounts of energy and can smooth out these reactive currents.<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_s1028" style='position:absolute;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:50pt;
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</v:shape><![endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>I can well imagine how an
inverter can be designed to generate both real and reactive power, and therfore
an inverter can reduce the amount of reactive power that needs to be supplied
by the utility company – but not when the sun isn’t shining. I
suspect that these types of inverters will have oversized output circuit wiring
to handle the reactive currents without adversely impacting their efficiency
rating. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>If I have time this
weekend, I will take a look at Apparent’s website.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:
Arial;mso-no-proof:yes'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>- Peter<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>Peter T. Parrish, Ph.D.,
President<br>
<st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">California</st1:place></st1:State>
Solar Engineering, Inc.<br>
<st1:address w:st="on"><st1:Street w:st="on">820 Cynthia Ave.</st1:Street>, <st1:City
w:st="on">Los Angeles</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">CA</st1:State> <st1:PostalCode
w:st="on">90065</st1:PostalCode></st1:address><br>
CA Lic. 854779, NABCEP Cert. 031806-26<br>
<a href="mailto:peter.parrish@calsolareng.com">peter.parrish@calsolareng.com</a><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><br>
Ph 323-258-8883, <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Mobile</st1:place></st1:City>
323-839-6108, Fax 323-258-8885<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span></font><font
size=2 color=navy><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span></font><font size=1
color=navy><span style='font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy;
mso-no-proof:yes'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span></font><font
color=navy><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy;mso-no-proof:
yes'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-no-proof:
yes'> </span></font><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org
[mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org] <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Jamie Johnson<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, January 07, 2011
2:03 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> RE-wrenches<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [RE-wrenches] <span
class=SpellE>Xslent</span>?</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'>It's an interesting
product for a niche market if it actually works as they say (<span
class=SpellE>Disclaimer:I</span> am not claiming that it does), after speaking
with an individual who I believe is the VP of Production for Apparent
(use to work for <span class=SpellE>EnPhase</span> according to their website),
he claims that the product is currently installed at the Google
campus on a solar canopy for some of their EV chargers (can anyone
verify this?)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'>They have several
other beta installs as well, however the individual I spoke to said they
were only installing small systems at beta test sites (where the <span
class=SpellE>Util</span> co charges for VAR's using separate meters
like for EV charging) for now. No pricing has been set for the
inverters, and they are not available for sale to installers yet.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'>Apparently they
claim the inverter can create/produce VAR's by taking 1 watt of power
from the grid at night or from the solar output during the day and turning
it into approximately 9 VAR's to offset the customers charges for VAR
usage from the Grid. This is where the <span class=SpellE>KVAh</span>
production on the graph before sunrise and after sunset comes from.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'>I still would need to
see a third party head to head comparison test before I believed it.
Again niche market inverter for when the utility co charges for VAR's.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'>Jamie<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;
margin-left:4.15pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' id=replyBlockquote
webmail=1>
<div id=wmQuoteWrapper>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=black face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana;color:black'>-------- Original
Message --------<br>
Subject: Re: [RE-wrenches] <span class=SpellE>Xslent</span>?<br>
From: August Goers <<a href="mailto:august@luminalt.com">august@luminalt.com</a>><br>
Date: Fri, January 07, 2011 10:24 am<br>
To: RE-wrenches <<a href="mailto:re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>><br>
<br>
Hi All -<br>
<br>
Thanks for the helpful info! We did a little more research on our end and<br>
I guess Apparent is the new brand name for the <span class=SpellE>Xslent</span>
product. What<br>
baffles me is the chart where they show that they're producing power<br>
before and after sunrise and sunset:<br>
<br>
<a href="http://www.apparent.com/products/mgi.html">http://www.apparent.com/products/mgi.html</a><br>
<br>
The system must include batteries? Someone on their marketing team is<br>
really going to town...<br>
<br>
Best, August<br>
<br>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: <a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a><br>
[<a href="mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org">mailto:re-wrenches-bounces@lists.re-wrenches.org</a>]
On Behalf Of jay <span class=SpellE>peltz</span><br>
Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 4:43 PM<br>
To: RE-wrenches<br>
Subject: Re: [RE-wrenches] <span class=SpellE>Xslent</span>?<br>
<br>
HI Peter,<br>
<br>
I agree with you that for now on residential it makes no sense.<br>
However for commercial that might have to pay extra for PF issues, to have<br>
the inverter adjust for this makes sense.<br>
Its the reason they( inverter companies ) are doing it.<br>
<span class=SpellE>I"ve</span> heard a better more complete reason of course
from Bill Brooks, who<br>
maybe can chime in.<br>
<br>
sorry got away from me,<br>
<br>
<br>
jay<br>
<span class=SpellE>peltz</span> power<br>
On Jan 6, 2011, at 2:34 PM, Peter Parrish wrote:<br>
<br>
> I can't understand how any inverter WOULDN'T deliver its power with the<br>
> voltage and current 100% IN PHASE.<br>
><br>
> When the voltage and current are not 100% in-phase that represents<br>
reactive<br>
> power. Reactive power flows positive for a quarter of the AC cycle, then<br>
> negative for a quarter of a cycle, then positive and then negative. The<br>
net<br>
> result over one AC cycle is ZERO power delivered to the load.<br>
><br>
> So reactive power is worthless.<br>
><br>
> Worse, it results in higher currents (and voltages) for the same amount<br>
of<br>
> in-phase power, putting additional stress on circuits.<br>
><br>
> - Peter<br>
><br>
><br>
> Peter T. Parrish, Ph.D., President<br>
> <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">California</st1:place></st1:State>
Solar Engineering, Inc.<br>
> <st1:address w:st="on"><st1:Street w:st="on">820 Cynthia Ave.</st1:Street>,
<st1:City w:st="on">Los Angeles</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">CA</st1:State>
<st1:PostalCode w:st="on">90065</st1:PostalCode></st1:address><br>
> CA <span class=SpellE>Lic</span>. 854779, NABCEP Cert. 031806-26<br>
> <a href="mailto:peter.parrish@calsolareng.com">peter.parrish@calsolareng.com</a><br>
> Ph 323-258-8883, <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Mobile</st1:place></st1:City>
323-839-6108, Fax 323-258-8885<br>
><br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</blockquote>
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